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Paulo César DE FACCIO CARVALHO, Jean Víctor SAVIAN, Tomas DELLA CHIESA, William DE SOUZA FILHO, José Alfredo TERRA, Priscila PINTO, Amanda POSSELT MARTINS, Sebastian VILLARINO, Júlio Kuhn DA TRINDADE, Pedro Arthur DE ALBUQUERQUE NUNES, Gervasio PIÑEIRO
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 97-110 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020380
关键词： grazing integrated crop-livestock systems mixed crops-livestock Pampa
Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and economic viability of sugar crops in China
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023529
● Sugarcane and sugar beet yield and carbon footprint rose with time but profit declined
关键词： Economic profits GHG emissions labor input nitrogen input sugar
GLOBAL GENOMIC PREDICTION IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS: PROMISES, PROGRESS, CHALLENGES AND OUTLOOK
Craig HARDNER, Satish KUMAR, Dorrie MAIN, Cameron PEACE
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 页码 353-355 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021387
LEVERAGING LIVESTOCK TO PROMOTE A CIRCULAR FOOD SYSTEM
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
Livestock provide multifaceted services to human societies worldwide. In developing countries, they are crucial assets and safety net for rural poor, and they provide nutrients-dense food to nourish people. In developed economies, growth in demand for animal-derived food is slowing while attention is growing over the role of livestock farming in an enhanced circular food system for sustainability. This analysis, focusing on the modern food systems in developed countries, aims to highlight the unique function of livestock that helps people re-harvest and upcycle crop and food residues generated along the food chain that are otherwise unfit for human consumption. First, human-unusable crop and food residue materials are described in three broad categories based on their characteristics and potential feeding attributes; the magnitude of biomass materials that are already used in routine animal feeding as well as residues that remain as underutilized resources are illustrated using the USA as an example. Then, the research and technology development critically needed for the future is discussed. As the world strives to produce more food with smaller environmental and climate footprints, upcycling the residual biomass via livestock for food production presents a viable pathway toward improved resource use, reduced pollution and enhanced food system efficiency.
REINTEGRATION OF CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW
Antonius G. T. SCHUT, Emily C. COOLEDGE, Marc MORAINE, Gerrie W. J. VAN DE VEN, Davey L. JONES, David R. CHADWICK
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 111-129 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020373
关键词： circular agriculture coupled farming systems mixed farming specialised farming systems GHG
GLOBAL GENOMIC PREDICTION IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS: PROMISES, PROGRESS, CHALLENGES AND OUTLOOK
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期
Horticultural crops are a major source of high value nutritious food, and new improved cultivars developed through breeding are required for sustainable production in the face of abiotic and biotic stresses, and to deliver novel, premium products to consumers. However, grower confidence in the performance of new germplasm, particularly across environmental variability, is important for commercial adoption and germplasm-environment matching to optimize production.
Comments on the special issue on tropical crops of
Luiz J C B CARVALHO
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期 页码 375-376 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016129
INTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS—TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT
Yong HOU, Oene OENEMA, Fusuo ZHANG
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 1-14 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021384
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CROP-LIVESTOCK FARMS IN AFRICA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
Crop-livestock farms across Africa are highly variable due to in agroecological and socioeconomic factors, the latter shaping the demand and supply of livestock products. Crop-livestock farms in Africa in the 20-first century are very different from most mixed farms elsewhere in the world. African crop-livestock farms are smaller in size, have fewer livestock, lower productivity and less dependency on imported feed than farms in most countries of Europe, the Americas and the intensive agricultural systems of Asia. This paper discusses the role African crop-livestock farms have in the broader socio-agricultural economy, and how these are likely to change adapting to pressures brought on by the intensification of food systems. This intensification implies increasing land productivity (more food per hectare), often leading to more livestock heads per farm, producing fertilized feeds in croplands and importing feed supplements from the market. This discussion includes (1) the links between crop yields, soil fertility and crop-livestock integration, (2) the increasing demand for livestock products and the land resources required to meet to this demand, and (3) the opportunities to integrate broader societal goals into the development of crop-livestock farms. There is ample room for development of crop-livestock farms in Africa, and keeping integration as part of the development will help prevent many of the mistakes and environmental problems related to the intensification of livestock production observed elsewhere in the world. This development can integrate biodiversity, climate change adaptation and mitigation to the current goals of increasing productivity and food security. The inclusion of broader goals could help farmers access the level of finance required to implement changes.
VALORIZATION OF LIVESTOCK WASTE AND CARBON NEUTRALITY
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期 页码 333-340 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023513
Cadmium pollution from phosphate fertilizers in arable soils and crops: an overview
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《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 419-430 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019273
The application of mineral and organic phosphorus fertilizers to arable land has greatly increased crop yield to meet the world food demand. On the other hand, impurities in these fertilizers, such as heavy metals, are being added to agricultural soils, resulting both from the raw materials themselves and the processes used to obtain the final product. Cadmium, a non-essential and toxic heavy metal, has been found in relatively high amounts in common P fertilizers obtained from sediments. This metal poses a high risk for soil fertility, crop cultivation, and plants in general. Furthermore, human health might be compromised by the cadmium concentrations in agricultural and livestock products, due to the bioaccumulation effect in the food web. The accumulation in the different matrixes is the result of the high mobility and flexible availability of this harmful metal. This review summarizes risks to human health, the factors influencing cadmium movement in soils and crop uptake, as well as common plant responses to its toxicity. In addition, it summarizes cadmium balances in soils, trends, long-term experiments, and further studies. Cadmium inputs and outputs in arable soil, together with their calculated concentrations, are compared between two different regions: the European countries (in particular Germany) and China. The comparison appears useful because of the different proportions in the inputs and outputs of cadmium, and the diverse geographical, environmental and social factors. Moreover, these variables and their influences on cadmium contamination improve the understanding of the pollution from phosphate fertilizers and will help to establish future mitigation policies.
关键词： soil pollution arable land crop production cadmium balance P fertilizer cadmium toxicity
Genome-edited crops: how to move them from laboratory to market
Kunling CHEN, Caixia GAO
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第2期 页码 181-187 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020332
Recent breakthroughs in CRISPR technology allow specific genome manipulation of almost all crops and have initiated a revolution in precision crop breeding. Rationally-based regulation and widespread public acceptance are needed to propel genome-edited crops from laboratory to market and to translate this innovative technology into agricultural productivity.
关键词： CRISPR/Cas genome editing base editing precision breeding regulation
EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
• Livestock manure was the main organic waste in urban and peri-urban areas.
• Manure production will increase by a factor of 3–10 between 2015–2050.
• Only 13%–38% of excreted N by livestock will be recycled in croplands.
• Intensification of urban livestock production greatly increased N surpluses.
• Reducing population growth and increasing livestock productivity needed.
Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model.
Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha−1 in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production.
Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.
INTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS—TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
REINTEGRATION OF CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
• ICLS combines the benefits of specialization with increased resilience of the system.
• Clear opportunities but also barriers for ICLS were observed.
• ICLS need to be embedded within future environmental legislation.
• ICLS systems with a range of intensities are needed to support a biodiverse landscape.
Ongoing specialization of crop and livestock systems provides socioeconomic benefits to the farmer but has led to greater externalization of environmental costs when compared to mixed farming systems. Better integration of crop and livestock systems offers great potential to rebalance the economic and environmental trade-offs in both systems. The aims of this study were to analyze changes in farm structure and review and evaluate the potential for reintegrating specialized intensive crop and livestock systems, with specific emphasis on identifying the co-benefits and barriers to reintegration. Historically, animals were essential to recycle nutrients in the farming system but this became less important with the availability of synthetic fertilisers. Although mixed farm systems can be economically attractive, benefits of scale combined with socio-economic factors have resulted in on-farm and regional specialization with negative environmental impacts. Reintegration is therefore needed to reduce nutrient surpluses at farm, regional and national levels, and to improve soil quality in intensive cropping systems. Reintegration offers practical and cost-effective options to widen crop rotations and promotes the use of organic inputs and associated benefits, reducing dependency on synthetic fertilisers, biocides and manure processing costs. Circular agriculture goes beyond manure management and requires adaptation of both food production and consumption patterns, matching local capacity to produce with food demand. Consequently, feed transport, greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient surpluses and nutrient losses to the environment can be reduced. It is concluded that reintegration of specialized farms within a region can provide benefits to farmers but may also lead to further intensification of land use. New approaches within a food system context offer alternatives for reintegration, but require strong policy incentives which show clear, tangible and lasting benefits for farmers, the environment and the wider community.
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
TRENDS IN THE RIO DE LA PLATA REGION OF SOUTH AMERICA: TOWARD SPECIALIZATION OR RECOUPLING CROP AND LIVESTOCK
Paulo César DE FACCIO CARVALHO, Jean Víctor SAVIAN, Tomas DELLA CHIESA, William DE SOUZA FILHO, José Alfredo TERRA, Priscila PINTO, Amanda POSSELT MARTINS, Sebastian VILLARINO, Júlio Kuhn DA TRINDADE, Pedro Arthur DE ALBUQUERQUE NUNES, Gervasio PIÑEIRO
期刊论文
GLOBAL GENOMIC PREDICTION IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS: PROMISES, PROGRESS, CHALLENGES AND OUTLOOK
Craig HARDNER, Satish KUMAR, Dorrie MAIN, Cameron PEACE
期刊论文
REINTEGRATION OF CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW
Antonius G. T. SCHUT, Emily C. COOLEDGE, Marc MORAINE, Gerrie W. J. VAN DE VEN, Davey L. JONES, David R. CHADWICK
期刊论文
INTEGRATING CROP AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS—TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT
Yong HOU, Oene OENEMA, Fusuo ZHANG
期刊论文
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